READING FACES: COMMUNICATION & MASKS

The following resources help answer questions like;  Are facial expressions Universal? How much do we communicate non verbally?   How has mask wearing affected our ability to communicate with eachother? 

Note:  All Binghamton University Libraries service points are equipped with clear face masks; please ask at the desk and a staff member can wear one for you.

Books

• The Psychology of Facial Expression | Russell, J., & Fernández Dols, J. (1998). The psychology of facial expression . Cambridge University Press.
• Darwin's Camera: Art and Photography in the Theory of Evolution | Prodger, P. (2009). Darwin’s camera art and photography in the theory of evolution . Oxford University Press.
• Nonverbal Communication: Science and Applications | Matsumoto, D., Frank, M., & Hwang, H. (2013). Nonverbal communication : science and applications . SAGE.
• Oxford Handbook of Face Perception |  Calder, A. (2011). The Oxford handbook of face perception. Oxford University Press.

Scholarly/Academic Articles

• Facial expressions of emotion are not culturally universal | Rachael E. Jack, Oliver G. B. Garrod, Hui Yu, Roberto Caldara, & Philippe G. Schyns. (2012). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 109(19), 7241–7244.
• Four not six: Revealing culturally common facial expressions of emotion | Jack, R., Sun, W., Delis, I., Garrod, O., & Schyns, P. (2016). Journal of Experimental Psychology. General, 145(6), 708–730.
• Darwin revisited: The vagus nerve is a causal element in controlling recognition of other's emotions | Colzato, L., Sellaro, R., & Beste, C. (2017). Cortex, 92, 95–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2017.03.017
• Darwin and Emotion Expression | Hess, U., & Thibault, P. (2009). The American Psychologist, 64(2), 120–128. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013386
• Was Darwin Wrong About Emotional Expressions? | Lisa Feldman Barrett. (2011). Current Directions in Psychological Science : a Journal of the American Psychological Society, 20(6), 400–406. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721411429125
• Darwin's contributions to our understanding of emotional expressions | Paul Ekman. (2009).  Philosophical Transactions. Biological Sciences, 364(1535), 3449–3451. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.018
• “Masking” our emotions: Botulinum toxin, facial expression, and well‐being in the age of COVID‐19 | Nestor, M., Fischer, D., & Arnold, D. (2020). Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 19(9), 2154–2160. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.13569
• Maintaining Our Humanity Through the Mask: Mindful Communication During COVID‐19 | Schlögl, M., & A. Jones, C. (2020). Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (JAGS), 68(5), E12–E13. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16488

Popular/News Articles

• Face masks for the deaf: Covid 19's communication challenges for the hearing impaired | 2020). France 24.
• Covid Face Masks Are Disrupting a Key Tool of Human Communications, New Research Shows; Take a quiz to guess the emotions behind the masks | Robert Lee Hotz. (2021).  The Wall Street Journal. Eastern Edition.

Video

Are clear masks helpful? [CC] | Jessica Kellgren-Fozard | 15 min